1. Feline Enteritis
Feline enteritis is a highly infectious viral disease that leads to the death of the cat within 48 hours from the time of infection. Four- to six-month-old kittens are mostly affected by this filterable virus with 100% death rate. This epidemic of felines can wipe out the cats of an entire locality.
The infection occurs by direct contact with the diseased cat, his residence or resting place. If a cat dies of enteritis, destroy his bed, toys and dishes. The incubation period of this virus ranges from 4 to 10 days. High temperature, the vomiting yellow/green fluid (then followed by bouts of diarrhea), loss of tail hair, and the cat's head hanging over the water bowl are the common symptoms of this disease. Decrease in white blood cells can result in death, due to dehydration. Rarely, some sick cats recover by natural immunity. Cats can be saved by giving high-quality vaccines well in advance of the epidemic as there is no permanent vaccination for this infection.
2. Cystitis
Cystitis is the inflammation of urinary bladder by stones (uroliths) or infection caused by other diseases and result death in death of the feline in 48 hours if undiagnosed. Uroliths vary in size and shape, and these stones have sharp edges that can irritate or tear the bladder. Frequent painful urination with strain, bloody urine, blockage due to uremia, bloating and vomiting are the symptoms of this disease. The treatment must be started as early as possible. Usually, the veterinarian removes the stones either by dissolving them or by surgery.
3. Pneumonitis
Pneumonitis is a feline disease caused by the virus Miyagawanella felis. This disease is highly contagious and fatal, and the incubation period is from 6 to 10 days. Nasal discharge, sneezing, running eyes and salivation are the symptoms of pneumonitis. Veterinarian may prescribe antihistamines and antibiotics. Clean the nose, wash the eyes and apply eye ointment on the eyes of the infected cat to suppress this disease. Vaccination gives immunity only for 6 months.
4. Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis is the inflammation of inner membrane of the eyelid and front part of eyeball of the cat. Photophobia, redness of eyes and watery discharge are the common symptoms that are aggravated by dust, smoke, soot or injury. Wash the cat's eyes with warm water and apply eye ointment.
5. Diarrhea
The infection in the intestinal tract by parasites, the malfunction of intestinal tract due to poor diet or irritation caused by some chemical may lead to diarrhea in cats. Bowel movements are very loose, watery or even bloody. Diarrhea can be controlled by feeding starchy food. Boiled milk, barley, cottage cheese and cooked rice can help in the normal movement of bowels.
6. Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis is a highly infectious disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. It is spread through saliva, nasal discharge and feces of the sick feline. This disease is also transmitted through the contaminated food left over by an infected animal. Fever, cough, jaundice, difficulty in breathing and loss of appetite are some symptoms of this disease. When this disease affects the nervous system, it may paralyze the cat.
All these ailments can be treated at home under the supervision of a veterinarian. It is advisable to take the vaccinations on time in order to protect the cats from such contagious diseases.