Irritated Eyes in Dogs

Irritated eyes in dogs may be caused by allergies or foreign objects and bacteria that affect the eyes. Typically, this condition is not life threatening and won't cause blindness, but will cause major discomfort in the pet and should be treated as soon as detected.

Causes of Irritated Eyes in Dogs

Irritated eyes manifest through the redness and swelling of the eye tissues and the surrounding area, and may also cause ocular discharges. The possible causes of irritated eyes in dogs may include:

• Allergic reactions to different substances that are in the dog's environment (i.e., dust mites, chemicals, pollens) or substances that may have come in contact with the eyes such as textiles or metals. The allergies may manifest through itchiness and even if the substances don't affect the eyes, the itchiness will make the dog rub his face and eye area, leading to irritation.
• The presence of bacteria, which can be transmitted from other canines or from the dog's environment.
• The presence of certain viruses in the dog's eye.
• Fungi affecting the dog's eye.
• The presence of a foreign object or an insect in the dog's eye.
• Respiratory infections affecting the eyes.

The dog may be rubbing and pawing the eye area, which can accentuate the irritation.

Additional Symptoms

The additional symptoms displayed by the dog are important in establishing the probable cause of the irritation. The dog may display symptoms such as:

• Sneezing and coughing, indicative of allergic reaction but also of a respiratory infection
• Itchy skin, scratching and licking the skin
• Watery discharges
• Discharges that vary in color and consistency
• Visible foreign bodies in the dog's eyes

Diagnosing Irritated Eyes in Dogs

The vet will have to examine the dog and determine the cause of the irritation. An ophthalmologic exam will be necessary to determine how affected the eye is. In some cases, only the surface tissues of the eyes are affected, while in other cases, the infection may affect deeper layers as well. Additional blood tests and intradermal testing may be needed to find the cause of the irritation.

Treatment for Irritated Eyes in Dogs

The treatment for irritated eyes in dogs may consist of:

• Steroid drops and creams, which can be applied if the irritation is caused by allergies, a foreign body in the eye or infections
• Antihistamines for allergic reactions
• Allergy shots, which can reduce the allergic reactions in the long run
• The removal of the foreign body; typically surgery won't be necessary
• Antibiotics, which can be administered orally or topically, depending on how advanced the infection is
• Antifungal drops if the irritation is caused by a fungal infection
• Chamomile tea and compresses, which can reduce the swelling and soothe the irritation
• Steam baths for respiratory infections

After the treatment, the dog should receive eye drops, which will prevent future eye irritation and keep the eyes clean.