Neoplasia in Dogs

Neoplasia is the clinical term used to describe tumors that occur in different parts of the dog’s body. This condition is more commonly seen in canines than in felines. However, cats are at greater risk of develop malignant tumors in comparison to dogs. There are many factors that contribute to the development of tumors in dogs.

Some of them include genetic predisposition, environmental factors, ingestion of toxins and the reaction to certain vaccines. Hormones are also responsible for the development of certain tumors in pets.

It’s important to conduct a vet check as soon as possible if you notice any lump on the pet’s body in order to find out if it’s malignant or not.

Tumors in Dogs

Tumors can arise anywhere in the body. These tumors are cells that have undergone abnormal cell divisions. If the tumor is malignant in nature, it can progress rapidly and spread to surrounding parts of the body. Tumors that are benign in nature can be removed through surgical procedures. Pet owners often fail to notice any signs of a tumor and it’s only when the dog stars exhibiting accompanying symptoms that the tumor is diagnosed through diagnostic tests.

The vet will perform a series of tests to rule out underlying health concerns and determine the severity of the cancer present. If a malignant tumor is diagnosed in its early stage, it can be easily treated and the progress of the cancer can be well controlled.

Diagnosis of Neoplasia in Dogs

The vet will perform a thorough physical exam and make note of the dog’s medical history. It’s best to keep the vet informed about any medicines that are being administered to the pet. Blood tests and urine analysis help rule out other health concerns. But the most important tests that have to be conducted include X-rays, ultrasounds, MRI scans and biopsies.

In some cases, the vet will surgically extract the tumor and then send it for a biopsy as this prevents the need for multiple medical procedures.

Treatment of Dog Tumors

If the tumor is malignant, the vet will find out the grade of cancer present and use the right treatment protocol to slow down the progress of the cancer. If the tumor is benign, the vet may simply extract it surgically if it’s easily accessible. Along with surgery, pets suffering from cancer require chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Radiation therapy helps to kill the nucleus of cancer cells that are left behind in the body. The dog will also require supportive care in the form of IV fluids and oxygen therapy. Most pets will have to be hospitalized until they’re stable.

Drugs Used to Treat Cancer Include:

  • Prednisone
  • L-Asparaginase
  • Phenobarbital
  • Cisplatin

If your pet is suffering from cancer, you need to work with the vet to determine the best treatment option for your pet. The prognosis is good if the cancer is diagnosed in the early stage. Pets suffering from advanced stages of cancer will require supportive care and medication in order to get some relief from the discomfort they experience.

 

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