Causes and Symptoms of Canine Arthritis
Canine arthritis occurs most frequently in older dogs, although it may also develop in younger dogs with preexisting joint conditions. Hip dysplasia, a condition of the hip joints found predominantly in larger dogs, oftentimes acts as a precursor to canine arthritis. Your dog may also be predisposed to arthritis if he has a nutritional disorder or joint trauma. Be aware of changes in your dog's behavior that include any of the following arthritis symptoms:
- Reluctance to play, walk or move up and down stairs
- Difficulty getting up or lying down
- Limping
- Slow movement
- Touchiness
If you notice any of these symptoms, have your dog examined by a veterinarian. Do not give your dog any medication without first submitting him for a thorough physical exam and health history check.
Treatment for Arthritis in Dogs
In most cases, a veterinarian will prescribe a broad treatment plan to help alleviate your dog's pain and improve his mobility. This plan may include changes in diet and exercise, weight loss, surgery and pain relieving medication. Changes to your dog's routine and weight, as suggested by a vet, can help to improve his quality of life considerably.
Many medications for arthritis pain are nonsteroidal, but your veterinarian may also prescribe a corticosteroid such as prednisone or dexamethasone as part of a treatment plan.
Benefits of Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids are powerful drugs that can dramatically reduce the pain of canine arthritis. Benefits of corticosteroids include:
- Reduction of synovitis and improvement of damaged cartilage
- Slowed bone density loss
- Reduction of joint inflammation
Adverse Effects of Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids may have dangerous side effects for your dog, particularly if they are used for an extended period of time. Some of the potential adverse effects of corticosteroids include:
- Gastric ulcers
- Increased risk of pancreatitis
- Kidney damage or failure
- Immune system suppression, leading to other sicknesses
- Panting
- Skin damage
If your veterinarian prescribes corticosteroids as part of a program of treatment for arthritis, follow the dosage guidelines carefully. Each prescription will be different depending on your dog's age, weight, breed and condition, and it is crucial to keep your veterinarian informed of any adverse effects that may develop. Because some of these effects may not be noticeable, any dog that is receiving medicinal treatment for arthritis symptoms should undergo physical exams and blood tests regularly to ensure that no internal damage is occurring.
With proper dosage and careful monitoring, corticosteroids can significantly lessen the pain of canine arthritis while simultaneously slowing the progression of the disease. Consult your veterinarian for further information about corticosteroid use and your dog.