Seizures in dogs are among the most common neurological deficiencies and abnormalities. While it's by no means guaranteed that every dog will have a seizure over the course of his lifetime, it's nonetheless more common than any other neurological condition. However, due to the wide range of different types of seizures, as well as the levels of severity of these seizures, it's difficult in some cases to be able to tell if your dog has suffered from a seizure at all. That's why it's important for you, as the pet owner, to recognize the symptoms of a seizure in your pet, however moderate they may be.
Changes in Mood and Behavior
One of the more subtle symptoms of a seizure is an overall change in your pet's behavior and mood. This is oftentimes not part of the seizure itself, but actually consists of the prodome, or the period of time between one and several days before the seizure itself occurs. You may notice that your pet seems distracted, distant, or unresponsive during this time. Alternately, you might notice unusual aggression or lashing out for no apparent reason. If you notice these changes in behavior, keep a closer look on your pet over the next few days.
Fear and Apprehension
The next stage of the seizure, called the aura, is the period just before the seizure itself begins. This time may last from just a few seconds up to many hours, and is generally characterized by further changes to your pet's behavior and mood. However, these changes to his mood are typically more along the lines of fear and sensitivity. Your pet may seek out a hiding place and refuse to leave. He may appear frightened at any human or animal contact. He may even be physically trembling or shaking during this time.
Paralyzation or Muscle Contraction
During the ictal, the main portion of the seizure which lasts up to about five minutes, your pet will experience unusual muscle movements. Many dogs become paralyzed during this time. Others will have muscle contractions that they cannot control. Still others may lose consciousness altogether or fall to the ground. This is the portion of the seizure that is what most people think of when they envision a seizure. Keep an eye out for these other symptoms that may occur during the ictal as well:
- Drooling
- Unusual head movements
- Gnashing of the teeth
- Salivation
- Movements of the limbs
- Twitching
- Urination or defecation
Restlessness
For the period up to a few days after the seizure itself, your pet will likely be confused and restless. He may try to drink and eat excessively during this time as well.
If you notice any of the signs leading up to a seizure in your pet, take your dog to the vet's office right away to have him examined. Because some seizures may be very serious, it's crucial that you deal with these symptoms and get your pet to a professional's care as quickly as possible.